..Glossary L---P----1----+----2----+----3----+@10-4----T-#V-5----R----r----r----7--T-+--r 87cL---+----1----+----2----+----3----+@10-4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+-C--9----+ ---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-C c/c V---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-C V-- ---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-C c/r V---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-R V-- ---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-R r/c V---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-C V-- ---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-R r/r V---L--P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-R V-- 87rL---+----1----+----2----+----3----+@10-4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+-R--9----+ M--LQ-P-----1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-R .N:50 ..N: was 88 when previous section was single-column @ 100% .M:1 ..dh:--------------- ..dm:1 ..pb ..xl:4 ..xr:18 ..X:12 ..XB:7 .L:99 ..L:66 .IF:Index7.man .KF:Content7.MAN ..$$Z:MI$$, $$Day$$, , $$D Mon Year$$ 87rL---+----1----+----2----+----3----+@10-4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+-R--9----+ .HL:How to Edit Your Club's Newsletter...page $$$ .HL:________________________________________________________________________________________________________  .HR:Appendix B: Glossary...page $$$ .HR:________________________________________________________________________________________________________  87cL---+----1----+----2----+----3----+@10-4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+-C--9----+ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿAPPENDIX B ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿGlossary ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ---P--L--T--1----+----2----T----3----+@10-4-R .K:GLOSSARY adzine: an advertisement in the form of a fanzine. It usually shows more emphasis on content and less emphasis on appearance than other ads. antecedent: from "that which goes before." The noun to which a pronoun refers. In "John dropped his glass and broke it," "John" is the antecedent of "his" and "glass" is the antecedent of "it". art: from an editor's point of view, anything that isn't type. When used to mean "art other than photos", it's short for "line art" (q.v.). back up: to make a backup copy of. backup: a copy of a computer file kept in case the original file is damaged. A fresh backup should be made as soon as any substantial work has been done on a file. Keep at least three copies of any active file on at least three separate disks; this insures that you will never have all your copies in the machine at one time. Each time you back up a file, replace the oldest copy with a copy of the current version. To keep track of which copy is the older of the two floppy copies, I have formed the habit of always replacing disks at the back of the box and always writing to the copy nearest the front of the box. I wish I'd done it the other way round, for many boxes make it difficult to insert a disk at the back. The backup copy automatically made by some programs is really an ultimate unedit. It protects you against your own mistakes, but provides no protection against damage to the disk. Disks don't wreck as often as they used to, but it's still all or nothing; when a manuscript on disk gets coffee on it, there are no pages that are brown only around the edges, and there's no way to re- type what you can puzzle out through the stains. Very important files should be kept in two separate buildings. This can be as simple as taking a fresh set of backups home each night. border: a narrow pattern, usually a pattern that can be cut to length. Borders include rules and dashed or dotted lines as well as more elaborate designs. Rub-on designs include borders, most art- supply stores offer many kinds of "border tape", and wide borders can be bought as clip art. border tape: a design or rule printed on narrow transparent tape. There are two kinds: one for straight lines, and one that can be stretched around curves. byline: the line, usually at the top of an item, which says "by [name of author]." Be generous with bylines, especially if that's all you pay, but be careful not to embarrass the writer with undue attention. (When in doubt, ask.) Most club members prefer to sign their work, that is, print the name at the bottom without the "by." This makes it more like a letter, hence more comfortable and friendly. If signatures are your rule, be sure to switch to a byline it when you import an article from another club or there is some other reason the readers might be confused if they don't know who wrote it before they read it. When letters are the main purpose of the 'zine, the complete name and address of the writer should go at the top; if the column is wide enough, wrap the letter around the address; you'll save space and look fancy at the same time. clubzine: A periodical published by a club. Newsletters are included, but when only newsletters are intended, "club newsletter" is the preferred term. cold type: any type not made of metal; phototype, for example. The term isn't used much now that hot type and hand-set type are obsolete. column: used in two senses. The more familiar sense is that of a number of lines of type piled one on top of the other or, to put it another way, a vertical division of a page.  Computer programmers, when they want to arrange a screen or a page, think of it as divided into "lines" and "columns" of characters. In this sense, a column is a division of a line, a measure of width: it's the space into which you may put one character, punctuation mark, or blank. Characters which are directly under one another are in the same column. crudzine: a sinful waste of paper. Dan Henry mark: after the inventor, cyclist Dan Henry. A particular style of arrow painted on pavement to guide cyclists along a planned route. disk: in this work, used as a figure of speech for all types of non-volatile memory. "Floppy" may be taken to refer to any non-volatile storage medium which may be removed from the computer and taken elsewhere for safekeeping. drill, paper: a gadget for making holes in a stack of paper too thick to punch. Some printers and copy shops will drill paper for you. elf: I take reproduction copies to the printshop and two or three weeks later, a finished newsletter appears in my mailbox. It must be elves. elite: For reasons that the editors of Webster's Third International Dictionary choose not to divulge, the name of 12-pitch typewriter type. I have never found "elite" in a list of pre-point-system type- size names. fanzine: amateur publication. fillo: an illustration that can be put anywhere there's a hole to fill. Fannish slang. glitch: a brief interruption or other non-lethal defect in line current. Glitches cause various unpleasant symptoms, but most modern computers are so designed that glitches are unlikely to affect files in non-volatile memory. It is still a good idea not to compute during high winds, thunderstorms, freezing rain, or heavy falls of wet, sticky snow. gutter: the groove in the middle of an open book. Hence, the two inner margins of a pair of facing pages when regarded as a single area of white space. Some word processors refer to extra margin left on the gutter side of pages as "gutter." hand-set type: the kind Benjamin Franklin used. Much of our vocabulary is derived from hand-set type; for example, the space between lines is called "leading" (pronounced led-ing) because strips of lead were once used to create it. hard character: a hard character is one inserted by a human, which the computer may not mess with, or a character which a computer may mess with less than a normal human-typed character of the same name. A "soft" character is inserted by the machine, or it is inserted by a human as a request that the machine do some particular kind of messing. In my word processor, for example, there are normal hyphens, soft hyphens that print only at the ends of lines, and hard hyphens that prevent a compound from being broken at the end of a line. hardcopy: a copy you can hold in your hands and read with human eyes. Called "hard" partly because it's physical, like hardware, and partly because it isn't inclined to vanish or re-arrange itself without knowable cause. hot type: metal type cast new for each use, e.g. linotype; distinguished from hand-set type and cold type. illo: fannish slang for "illustration" jogging: the art of evening a stack of papers by jarring the edges of the bundle against a flat surface while flexing it slightly to allow the sheets to slip. Much easier done than described. Jog first on the side which has no single sheets sticking out; deliberate disalignment may be necessary to procure such a side. Turn frequently. KISS: "Keep It Simple, Stupid!" _ how much easier life would be if we all had nannies who would follow us around to rap our knuckles and remind us to "Keep it simple!" The human mind delights in complication, and we cannot rid ourselves of the notion that the amount of thrashing around we do and the exhaustion we feel at the end are the true measure of how well a job has been done. lead time: the minimum time between the time something is written and the time a publication is delivered. I presume that the phrase compares the writer who has to write for the way things will be next month or next year to the hunter who aims at the place where the duck will be when the bullet gets there. 2 leaf: one of the things that you turn over when you read a book or a newsletter. In a pile-of-sheets newsletter, a leaf is a whole sheet. In a folded newsletter, a leaf is one end of one sheet. line: a row of characters across a page or column, or a space into which a row of characters might be placed. line art: art which can be printed without screening, as if it were type. Line art is composed of dead black on pure white; there are no gradations or tones. loc: from letter of comment. A letter written with the intention that the recipient publish it; a letter-to-the-editor as distinguished from a letter written to an editor. microelite: 15-pitch typewriter type mechanical: every book that mentions printing must solemnly inform you that a reproduction copy is called a "mechanical." Such definitions are the only place the word is ever found in this sense. I presume that it was once used as a short form of "mechanical drawing." one-shot: a 'zine not intended to be part of a series; sometimes, a 'zine which was intended to be the premier issue in a series which did not follow. orphan: a line left alone at the bottom of a page when the rest of its paragraph moved on to the next page. page: one side of one leaf. pica: one-sixth of an inch, or twelve points. Pica type is one pica from the bottom of one line to the bottom of the next. Since this is the spacing on a standard typewriter, standard 10-pitch type is also called "pica". It comes by a complicated route from an old word for "magpie". pinhole: a white fleck in a patch of solid black on a printed page, or a small clear spot on a negative which will (if not covered) become an unwanted black speck when the plate is made. A pinhole is usually the image of a speck of dust. Dust is more likely to photograph if the original doesn't have good contrast, because cameras and photo copy machines set to pick up pale images will also reproduce unwanted specks. Be sure to use a good dark ribbon (or black ink) on plain white paper. pitch: per inch. It is not a contraction, but the resemblance in form must have had some influence during the final stages of the complicated derivation. platen: the black, rubbery cylinder in a typewriter and many computer printers. The word comes from the same root as "plate" and was originally applied to the flat platen in a printing press. Both platens stand behind paper so that printing elements can press against it. point: one seventy-second of an inch, or one-twelfth of a pica. prozine: fannish slang for a professionally-published periodical. pull quote: a few words yanked out of context and repeated in large type in a misguided effort to imitate magazines which have to grab the attention of people who leaf through them in drugstores. If you must use these abominations, help the reader find the context, or at least put the pull quote near its original. You should also refrain from interrupting a column; if the quote is between two columns, it's possible for the reader to steer through the narrows without re-reading the pull quote. It's better to put the quote at the top of the page or above the title, and entirely legitimate to use it as a caption for an illustration. punch: a gadget for making holes in paper. A three- hole punch is handy to have if you file things in three-ring notebooks. quire: a set of folded sheets fitting one within another. In bookmaking, a quire made by folding and trimming a single sheet is a signature; a quire made of separate sheets is a gathering. RAM: Random Access Memory. The working memory of your computer; it is usually "volatile"; i.e., an interruption in the power supply and various other events will cause your data to evaporate. See "save". reading glass: a large magnifying glass, necessarily of low power. The more sharply a magnifying glass curves, the more it magnifies, and the smaller is the usable diameter of the lens. If a reading glass is used for reading, a rectangular shape saves weight. If it is used to locate the place where you want to train a stronger glass, the new kind with a stronger lens molded near the edge is useful. (This wasn't practical until optical-grade plastic became reasonably available.) A round glass is better for searching. I can't figure out what a rectangular reading glass with a strong spot in a corner is for, as the spot is always in the lower-right corner where it causes maximum annoyance to someone trying to read with it. reading matter: everything that's neither ads nor art. register: the alignment of images created in separate runs through the press. When the images don't correspond as closely as they should, they are said to be "out of register." When the required accuracy approaches the limits of the machine in use, so that the printer must waste many sheets adjusting the press, he will call it "tight register." rule: a plain line of the sort that might be drawn with a ruler. Border tape makes neater rules than a pen can. repro: I got tired of typing "reproduction copy". saddle-stitched: stapled in the fold, on a machine which somewhat resembles a saddle. A saddle stitcher makes staples from a reel of wire; a saddle stapler is a regular long-reach hand stapler, but the anvil is a tent-shaped saddle instead of a flat plate. SASE or S.A.S.E.: Self-Addressed Stamped Envelope. Address it to yourself, and make sure both the stamp and the envelope are large enough for the item to be mailed in it. An LSASE (#10 envelope) with a one-ounce stamp usually suffices, but don't expect it to hold a magazine or a forty- page brochure. When you ask for a S.A.S.E., if a #6 envelope won't do, or if the promised item requires more than the minimum postage, be specific. save: to copy a file in RAM to a disk to prevent the information from being lost when the RAM is erased. This may be done as a preliminary to clearing the RAM or shutting down the machine; it should also be done at intervals during an editing session to safeguard your work against glitches, accidents, and errors. semi-prozine: A fanzine which imitates prozines, tries to use professional standards, or attempts to break even or make a profit. screen: in printing, a dot pattern used to break continuous tones into printable specks. When you view an image made of dots from far enough away that you can't see the individual dots, the original shades of gray appear to have been restored. sheet: a rectangular piece of paper. Frequently used to indicate one unit of paper as purchased, with home-cut sheets called "half sheets," "quarter sheets" etc. "Half-sheet" may also refer to a sheet half the expected size regardless of who cut it. "Cut sheet paper" is a term used to distinguish pre-cut paper from continuous paper. Nowadays "continuous paper" usually means fanfold perforated for tearing into sheets (and often further perforated to allow the lineholes to be stripped off), but some office machines still use rolls of paper. sic: from the Latin for "thus", it means "this is an exact reproduction of the original as I found it". It does not mean "YaHaHa, look how clever I am to have found a mistake in this quote!". Using "sic" for this purpose is the mark of a very poor editor with no manners and no comprehension of his mother tongue. (The correct method for gloating over a mistake or incredible statement is to underline it and put "emphasis added" after the quote.) "Sic" is used to mark words or phrases that might be mistaken for mistakes if they were not labeled. Legitimate opportunities to use it are rare, and occur almost exclusively in scholarly work. soft character: see "hard character". spillo: spot illustration. Fannish slang. strip up: assemble from parts; paste up. May be used to describe the preparation of reproduction copies or to describe the process of assembling negatives before they are burned onto printing plates. web press: a press that prints on paper from rolls, rather than pre-cut sheets. Web presses are used only for very large jobs and are not likely to concern you.  3 widow: the last line of a paragraph alone at the top of a page; it has moved on and left its family behind. 'zine: Once upon a time a common word for a storage place was "magazine"; when periodicals first appeared, it was natural for the publishers of those that contained an assortment of items to call them "magazines," just as modern salesmen use the word "warehouse" to imply assortment and plenty. The word spread to refer to almost any periodical publication. Eventually amateur publishers (who called themselves "fans") needed a word for their productions, which looked more like newsletters than magazines but definitely weren't newsletters, weren't what we mean by "small press publications," and were often too sporadic to call "periodicals." "Fanzine" filled the bill, and this led immediately to "prozine" as a term to distinguish the work of a professional publisher. Eventually almost any word could be prefixed to "-zine" to create a name for a particular type of publication: "personalzine" (written primarily by the editor and somewhat like a personal letter), "letterzine" (composed mostly of letters from the readers), "reviewzine" (composed mostly of reviews), and on and on. The announced topic of these notes is "clubzines", but a great many of my remarks can apply to anything made of ink and paper, and on those occasions I'm prone to refer to "'zines", which has come to mean anything in some way resembling a periodical publication, particularly the often-unclassifiable work of an amateur publisher.